RevExp 93:2 (Spring 1996) p. 241 theological category into which (historical) election is fitted. The popularity and theological convenience of these two approaches hide two significant text-driven questions: first, how does the aorist participle “(having) predestined” (proorisas) of v. 5 relate to the aorist main verb “he chose” (exelexato) of v. 4 and, secondly, what are the temporal referents for God’s predestining activity (when did God predestine and when was his predestining realized)? Some